Subtypes and Subtype Group Descriptions (long version)

  • A1. “This is a document from X”
    • “A writing of exemption from Y by X”
      • barāʾaẗ li-Y
      • barāʾaẗ min X
    • “From X to Y - do this”
      • ʾammā baʿd fa-sarriḥ
      • ʾammā baʿd fa-ŭḥḍur
      • fa-ʾaʿṭi
      • fa-ĭḥmil
      • fa-ĭqbiḍ
    • “From X to Y greetings”
      • min ... ʾilà ... ʾammā baʿd fa-... (no eulogy)
      • min ... ʾilà ... ʾammā baʿd (with eulogy)
    • “From X to Y greetings - after the praise of God”
      • min ... ʾilà ... + Baʿdīya (ʿAlāma as part of the eschatocol)
      • min ... ʾilà ... + Baʿdīya (ʿAlāma as part of the protocol)
    • “From X to Y - I inform you”
      • (ʾilà) ḥaḍraẗ
      • ʾilà ʿinda ... ʾuʿarrifu-ka (1.Sg.)
      • li-/ʾilà X
      • min ... ʾilà ... (without ʾammā baʿd)
      • min ʿinda ... ʾilà ʿinda
    • “Greetings to Y”
      • ăs-salām ăl-karīm
      • ʾilà ... yusallimu ʿalay-ka
      • salām ăl-lāh (sender as Tarǧama)
      • salām ăl-lāh (sender in main text)
      • salām min ăl-lāh
    • “Memory of a legal claim”
      • ăllaḏī ʾabdaʿa
      • ăllaḏī waqqafa
      • ʾašraṭa
      • ḏikr ḥaqq
      • fī ḏimmaẗ
      • li-X
      • ṣaḥḥa li-X
      • waǧaba li-X
    • “This belongs to what X has ordered”
      • ʿammā ʾamara bi-hi
      • hāḏā mimmā ʾamara bi-hi
      • mimmā ʾamara (bi-hi)
    • “This is a document from X to Y that I did to you”
      • hāḏā kitāb kataba-hu
      • ʾinna-hu ʾaṣāba-kum
      • ʾinna-ka ʾaddayta ʾilay-ya
      • ʾin-nī ʾaḏintu la-hu
      • ʾin-nī ḥāsabtu-ka
      • ʾin-nī ḫāṣamtu-ka
      • ʾin-nī masaḥtu ʿalay-ka
      • ʾin-nī qabaḍtu min-ka
    • “This is a document of an act”
      • ʿaqd zawāǧ
      • hāḏā ʿaqd ṣadāq
      • hāḏā kitāb ʿahd
      • hāḏā kitāb ʿaqd
      • hāḏā kitāb fī-hi ḏikr mā ĭštarà
      • hāḏā kitāb ĭttifāq
      • hāḏā kitāb li-/min X
      • hāḏā kitāb mā ʾaʿtaqa
      • hāḏā kitāb nikāḥ
      • hāḏā kitāb ṣadāq
      • hāḏā kitāb wakālaẗ
      • hāḏā kitāb waqf
      • hāḏā maktūb ʾišhād
      • hāḏā maktūb ĭstibdāl
      • hāḏā maktūb tabāyuʿ
      • hāḏā maktūb waqf
      • hāḏā mustanad
      • hāḏihi ḥuǧǧaẗ
      • hāḏihi šahādaẗ malāk
      • ʾinna-ka saʾalta-nī ʾan ʾukriya-ka
      • kitāb ʾamān
      • kitāb ʿaṭiyyaẗ
      • kitāb ǧamāʿaẗ mā ĭrtafaʿa
      • kitāb ḥubs wa-waqf
      • kitāb ʾīǧāb
      • kitāb maʿāwiḍ
      • kitāb tabāyuʿ
      • kitāb tafwīḍ
      • muʿarrafaẗ
    • “This is an open decree”
      • hāḏā ẓahīr karīm (ʿAlāma as part of the eschatocol)
      • hāḏā ẓahīr karīm (ʿAlāma as part of the protocol)
    • Varia
      • ḏikr ḥāl yanǧamiʿ
      • hāḏā mā ʾaʿṭà
      • Unknown subtype A1
    • “X gives a fatwà”
      • mā yaqūlu
      • tafaḍḍalū bi-ăl-ǧawāb
  • A2. “X has settled”
    • “Property has been transferred”
      • ĭntaqala milk
    • Varia
      • ʾadḫala
      • ǧaʿala
      • ĭltazama
      • lammā kāna qad ĭltazama
      • Unknown subtype A2
    • “X and Y have agreed on a divorce”
      • hāḏā mā ĭṣṭalaḥa
      • ĭḫtalaʿa
      • saʾala
      • ṭallaqa
    • “X and Y have exchanged”
      • ʾanzala ... ʿiwaḍ wa-badal
      • ʿāwaḍa
      • taʿāwaḍa
      • taḏkiraẗ A
    • “X and Y have married”
      • ĭnʿaqada ăn-nikāḥ
      • tazawwaǧa
    • “X has agreed”
      • ḥaḍara
      • ĭttafaqa
      • taḥāsaba
      • taṣādaqa
      • waqaʿa ăl-ĭttifāq
      • waqaʿa ăl-ĭttifāq wa-ăl-ĭrtibāṭ
      • waqaʿa ăt-taqāsum wa-ăt-tafāṣul wa-ăt-taʿdīl
    • “X has assigned”
      • ʿaruḍa
      • ṣayyara
      • taqāyala
    • “X has assigned a payment”
      • faraḍa
    • “X has bequeathed”
      • ʿahida ... wa-ʾawṣà
      • ʾasnada waṣiyaẗ
      • ʾawḍaʿa
      • ʾawṣà
      • hāḏā mā ʾawṣà
      • tuwuffiya
    • “X has bought / Y has sold”
      • bāʿa
      • hāḏā mā ĭštarà A
      • hāḏā mā ĭštarà B
      • ĭbtāʿa
      • ĭštarà
    • “X has donated”
      • ʾanzala
      • ʾaʿṭà wa-mallaka
      • hāḏā mā ʾawqafa
      • hāḏā mā taṣaddaqa
      • hāḏā mā waqqafa
      • mallaka
      • mallaka wa-ʾaʿṭà
      • sabbala ... wa-taṣaddaqa
      • taṣaddaqa
      • wahaba
      • waqqafa
    • “X has fixed a dower”
      • ʾaṣdaqa
      • hāḏā mā ʾaṣdaqa
      • kayfa ĭnʿaqada
    • “X has guaranteed”
      • ḍamina
      • ḥaḍara wa-ḍamina
    • “X has made a contract”
      • ʿāqada
    • “X has mandated”
      • fawwaḍa
      • qaddama
      • wakkala
    • “X has manumitted”
      • ʾaʿtaqa
      • hāḏā mā kātaba
      • ḥarrara wa-ʾaʿtaqa
      • qāṭaʿa
    • “X has paid”
      • ʾaddà ... ʿan/min (mā)
      • dafaʿa
      • hāḏā mā dafaʿa
      • ḥamala
    • “X has pawned”
      • ʾarhana
      • hāḏā mā ĭrtahana
      • rahana
    • “X has presented a claim”
      • ḥaḍara ʾilà maǧlis ăl-ḥukm
      • ḥaḍara ... wa-tanāẓara
      • ṭalaba/ĭnṭalaba
      • tanāzaʿa
    • “X has received”
      • hāḏā mā ʾaḫaḏa
      • hāḏā mā qaḍà
      • qabaḍa
      • taḫallaṣa
      • tasallama
      • waṣala
    • “X has rented”
      • ʾakrà
      • hāḏā mā ʾakrà
      • hāḏā mā ĭktarà
      • hāḏā mā ĭstaʾǧara
      • ĭktarà
      • qad
  • A3. “X has confirmed”
    • “It has been certified”
      • ṯabata
    • “It has been presented as proof”
      • ʾaḥḍara
    • “It has been ratified”
      • yumḍà ʿalà
      • yusawwiġu
    • Varia
      • hāḏihi ăd-dār
      • Unknown subtype A3
    • “X has acknowledged”
      • ʾaqarra ... ʾanna ʿalay-hi ... fī ḏimmati-hi
      • ʾaqarra ... ʾanna-hu qabaḍa
      • ʾaqarra ... + Verb
      • ĭʿtarafa
      • quriʾa ... fa-qāla
      • yaqūlu
    • “X has attended”
      • bi-ḥaḍraẗ man yaʾtī
      • ḥaḍara ʾilà maǧlis
      • ḥaḍara ʾilà šuhūdi-hi
      • ḥaḍara man yaḍaʿu
      • ḥaḍara wa-ʾašhada ʿalà
      • lamma kāna ... ḥaḍara ʾilà maǧlis
      • šuhadāʾ ʾāḫir hāḏā ăl-kitāb ḥaḍarū
      • tawaǧǧaha man yaḍaʿu
    • “X has called as a witness”
      • ʾašhada
      • ʾašhada ... ʾanna-hu ʾaʿṭà/wahaba
      • ʾašhada ... ʾanna-hu ĭntaṣafa
      • ʾašhada ... ʾanna-hu mallaka
      • ʾašhada ... ʾanna-hu qabaḍa
      • hāḏā mā ʾašhada
      • mimmā ʾašhada-hu man waǧaba
      • mimman ʾašhada-hu
    • “X has inquired”
      • ḍubiṭa
      • ḥaṣala ăl-ʾiḏn ... fī ăl-wuqūf ʿalà X
      • ḥaṣala ăl-wuqūf ʿalà X
    • "X has nominated"
      • ĭstaqarra
    • “X has obliged himself”
      • ʾaʿrafa ... ʾanna-hu ĭrtabaṭa
      • ǧaʿala ʿalà nafsi-hi
      • ĭrtabaṭa
      • ĭštaraṭa ʿalà nafsi-hi
    • “X has sworn an oath”
      • ḥalafa
      • ŭstuḥlifa
    • “X has testified”
      • ăllaḏī yašhadu bi-hi
      • hāḏā mā šahida
      • mimman yaʿlamu
      • šahida
      • šahida ăš-šuhūd
      • šahida man ʾaṯbata
      • šuhūdu-hu
      • waqafa man yaḍaʿu
      • waqafa šuhūdu-hu
      • yaḥūzu šuhūdu-hu
      • yaʿrifu šuhūdu-hu
      • yašhadu
      • yašhadu ... ʾanna waqaʿa ăl-ĭttifāq
  • A4. “At the date of”
    • “After N had happened”
      • baʿda ʾan taṣādaqa
    • Varia
      • Unknown subtype A4
    • “When N happened”
      • lammā ʾaḥḍara
      • lammā ʿalima
      • lammā ʾaʿṭà
      • lammā hamma
      • lammā ĭnṣarama ăl-ʾaǧl
      • lammā ĭstaẓhara
      • lammā ĭttafaqa
      • lammā kamala ăl-ĭbtiyāʿ
      • lammā kāna bi-taʾrīḫ
      • lammā maraḍa
      • lammā nafaḏa
      • lammā raġiba
      • lammā ṣadara
      • lammā ṯabata ladà X
      • lammā takarrara ăl-kalām wa-taraddada ăl-ʾaqāwīl
      • lammā ṭalaba/ĭnṭalaba
      • lammā taṣaddaqa
      • lammā tuwuffiya
      • lammā waqaʿa ăl-ḫiṣām
      • lammā waqaʿa fī ăl-ʾasr
      • lammā waqqafa
      • lammā warada ... yataḍammanu
      • lammā waṣala
      • lammā waṣala ... ʾaṣdara ăl-ʾamr ăl-ʿālī
  • A5. “Pay to X!”
    • “Do it” (Imperative)
      • ʾaṭliq
      • ĭbʿaṯ
      • ĭdfaʿ
      • ĭḥmal
      • sir
      • tafaḍḍal
      • tuḥaḍḍir
      • ŭktub
      • ŭnẓur
    • “Let him do it” (Iussive)
      • ăl-musayyar
      • li-yaḥḍur
      • li-yatasallam
      • li-yusallam
      • tanẓur
      • yadfaʿu
      • yatasallamu
    • Varia
      • Unknown subtype A5
  • A6. “I am writing to you in full health”
    • 1.Sg. documents
      • ăd-dāllaẗ taḥmilu-nī
      • ʾanā ʾasʾalu
      • ʾasʾalu ăl-lāh
      • ʾastawdiʿu ăl-lāh la-ka
      • ʾawḥaša-nī ĭnqiṭāʿ kitāb
      • fahimtu-hu
      • ĭḥtaǧtu/ĭḥtaǧnā
      • ĭnfaṣaltu min ʿinda-ka
      • ʾinna ʾawwal qawl-ī la-ka
      • ĭstaḫartu ăl-lāh
      • kitāb-ī ʾilay-ka / katabtu ʾilay-ka
      • kuntu wāfaqtu-ka
      • law waṣaftu mā
      • mā ʾabṭaʾtu kutub-ī ʿan-ka
      • maḍaytu ʾilà
      • mā taraktu
      • naẓartu
      • qad ʿalimtu ʿalà
      • qad ʾanfaḏtu
      • qad qabaḍtu
      • qaraʾtu ruqʿata-ka
      • ruqʿat-ī
      • ʾuʿarrifu-ka
      • ʾuḫbiru-ka
      • ʾuḥibbu ʾan
      • ʾuʿlimu
      • wa-man kuntu ʾaštāqu-hu
      • waqaftu ʿalà ruqʿata-ka
    • Eulogy documents
      • ʾaʿazza-ka ăl-lāh
      • ʾabqā-ka ăl-lāh
      • ʾadāma al-lāhu
      • ʿāfā-nā ăl-lāh
      • ʾaḥsana ăl-lāh
      • ʾakrama-ka ăl-lāh
      • ʾamtaʿa-nī ăl-lāh
      • ʾanʿama ăl-lāh
      • ʾaṣlaḥa ăl-lāh
      • ʾaṭāla ăl-lāh
      • dafaʿa ăl-lāh
      • ǧaʿala-nī ăl-lāh
      • ǧuʿiltu
      • ḥafiẓa-ka ăl-lāh
      • madda ăl-lāh
      • massā-ka ăl-lāh
      • ṣabbaḥa-ka ăl-lāh
      • waffaqa ăl-lāh
    • Focus on addressee (2./3.Sg.)
      • ʾanta taʿlamu
      • ʾin raʾayta
      • kāna ... ʾanfaḏa
      • qad ʿalimta
      • qad ʿallamta
      • qad taʾaḫḫarta
      • tataqaddamu
      • tawaǧǧaha
    • Focus on letter
      • warada kitāb
      • warada miṯāl karīm
      • waṣala kitāb
      • yaṣilu kitāb-ī
    • Varia
      • ăs-sāʿaẗ
      • Unknown subtype A6
      • wa-ăl-lāh yā
      • yaḫuṣṣu bi
  • A7. “X orders Y/Y serves X”
    • “From the slave X to his master Y”
      • ʾilà ʿinda ... yuʿlimu (3.Sg.)
      • li-X/title
    • “It has been ordered”
      • ăl-marsūm ăl-ʿālī
      • ăl-marsūm ăl-karīm
      • ʾammā baʿd
      • ʿan ăl-ʾamr ăl-ʿālī
      • ʾaṣdarnā kafālaẗ
      • ḫaraǧa ăt-tawqīʿ
      • lammā kāna bi-taʾrīḫ ... ḫaraǧa ăl-ʾamr ăl-ʿālī
      • li-yaʿlam kull man yaqifu ʿalà hāḏā ăl-kitāb
      • li-yaʿlam kull wāqif (muṭlaq)
      • miṯāl muṭlaq
      • miṯāl-nā hāḏā
      • rusima bi-ăl-ʾamr ăl-ʿālī
      • rusima bi-ăl-ʾamr ăš-šarīf
    • “The communication has been released”
      • ṣadarat hāḏihi ăl-mukātabaẗ (expanded protocol)
      • ṣadarat hāḏihi ăl-mukātabaẗ (simple form)
    • “The slave kisses”
      • ăl-mamlūk + Taqbīl
      • ḫallada ăl-lāh ... + Taqbīl
      • mamlūk ... + Taqbīl
      • ṣalawāt ăl-lāh ... + Taqbīl
      • Tarǧama + Taqbīl A (official)
      • Tarǧama + Taqbīl B (private/business)
    • “The slave of“
      • ʿabd ḥaḍraẗ/mawlā-ya
      • ʿabdu-hā + taqbīl
    • “The slave reports”
      • mamlūk/ʿabd yunhī
      • Tarǧama + yunhī
    • Varia
      • ṣalawāt ăl-lāh (without Taqbīl)
      • Unknown subtype A7
      • yā sayyid-nā
    • Various 3.Sg. Formularies
      • ḏakara
      • laysa qalīl
      • mā zāla X yaḏkuru
      • qad ʾaǧāba
      • qad ḥaḍara
      • waṣala-nī
      • yaʿlamu
      • yaštahī
      • yaštakī
      • yastawḥišu
      • yatafaḍḍalu
      • yuḥibbu
      • yuqirru
    • “X serves Y”
      • yaḫdimu
  • B1. Table (well-preserved)
    • “Amount of that which has been”
      • mablaġ mā ḥumila
      • mablaġ mā ĭrtafaʿa
      • mablaġ mā ĭstaḥaqqa
      • mablaġ mā qabaḍa
      • mablaġ mā ṣaḥḥa
      • mablaġ mā ṣarrafa
      • mablaġ mā ṯabata
      • mablaġ mā waǧaba
      • mablaġ mā zaraʿa
    • List of ... (x=1)
      • ʾasmāʾ
      • ḥawāʾiǧ
      • mabāliġ
      • mudun
    • List of ... (x=1) with an assigned value (y=1)
      • ʾaqdār + mabāliġ
      • ʾasmāʾ + ʾaʿdād
      • ʾasmāʾ + ʾaqdār
      • ʾasmāʾ + ḥawāʾiǧ
      • ḥawāʾiǧ + ʾaʿdād
      • ḥawāʾiǧ + ʾaqdār
    • List of ... (x=1) with more assigned values (y+z>1)
      • ʾasmāʾ + ʾaqdār + mabāliġ
      • ʾasmāʾ + ḥawāʾiǧ + ʾaqdār
      • ʾasmāʾ + ḥawāʾiǧ + mabāliġ
      • ḥawāʾiǧ + ʾaqdār + mabāliġ
    • “Memorandum of what has”
      • taḏkiraẗ ḥisāb
      • taḏkiraẗ mā ʾaddà
      • taḏkiraẗ mā ʾaǧliba
      • taḏkiraẗ mā ḫaraǧa
      • taḏkiraẗ mā li-X
      • taḏkiraẗ mā ṣurifa
      • taḏkiraẗ mā waṣala
    • Official list
      • ʾasmāʾ ʿadad
      • ʾasmāʾ (“dīwānī”)
      • ǧarīdaẗ
    • Official report
      • ʿamal
      • hāḏā taqdīr
      • maḫzūmaẗ
      • muḥāsabaẗ B
      • qāʾimaẗ
      • tafsīr ăl-ʾasbāb
      • tasmiyaẗ ăṯ-ṯiyāb
      • waraqaẗ
    • Official statement
      • ʿamal rafaʿa-hu
      • maḫzūmaẗ rafaʿa-hu
      • muḥāsabaẗ A
      • tafsīr
    • Register of
      • dār X
      • ḫulliya
      • mablaġ kirà
      • masʾalaẗ
    • “The total of”
      • ăl-ǧumlaẗ
      • ǧamīʿ mā ĭnḫaraǧa
      • ǧamīʿ mā ʾudḫila
      • ǧumlaẗ mā ĭrtafaʿa
      • ǧumlaẗ mā ṣarrafa
      • ǧumlaẗ min
    • Varia
      • ăḏ-ḏikr ... min ʾarḍ
      • ʿalaftu ... (min) yawm
      • ăl-ʾaṣl
      • ăl-ĭstiḫrāǧ
      • ăl-muʿabbà
      • ḥisāb
      • ʿimāraẗ
      • ʿinda
      • mablaġ
      • nafaqaẗ
      • sallama
      • šarḥ
      • ṯabat
      • tafsīr mā ʾaḫraǧa
      • taqassama la-hā
      • Unknown subtype B1
      • yuṣāru ʿalà/li-X
    • “What has”
      • ăllaḏī ʾaḫaḏa
      • ăllaḏī ʾaḫraǧa
      • ăllaḏī ʿalà
      • ăllaḏī ʾanfaqa
      • ăllaḏī ʾaṣāba
      • ăllaḏī ʾaṭʿama
      • ăllaḏī daḫala
      • ăllaḏī daḫala bi-yaday
      • ăllaḏī dufiʿa
      • ăllaḏī ḫaraǧa
      • ăllaḏī ḥubiya
      • ăllaḏī ḥumila
      • ăllaḏī ḥusiba
      • ăllaḏī ʿinda
      • ăllaḏī ĭrtafaʿa
      • ăllaḏī la-hu
      • ăllaḏī lazima
      • ăllaḏī li-X
      • ăllaḏī maʿa
      • ăllaḏī min
      • ăllaḏī nafaqa-hu
      • ăllaḏī qabaḍa
      • ăllaḏī ṣāra
      • ăllaḏī ṣarrafa
      • ăllaḏī waṣala
      • ăllaḏī zaraʿa
    • “What was”
      • mā ʾawqafa
      • mā waṣala
  • B2. Table (fragmentary)
    • Related entries: date
      • šahr + Entry
      • yawm + Entry
    • Related entries: rent
      • Property + Entry
    • Related entries: village
      • qaryaẗ + Entry
    • Varia
      • ăd-dafʿaẗ
      • ʾaḥṣaytu
      • ʿalà X
      • ʿalà yad ʿan (nafsi-hi)
      • ăllaḏī ʾankara-hu/saqaṭa
      • ʿammā min
      • ʿan
      • baʿṯaẗ min X
      • bi-baʿṯ
      • fa-ǧamīʿ
      • ǧarīdaẗ baqiya
      • ḥazr
      • ʾilà/fī
      • ʾilà X
      • la-hu
      • min
      • misāḥaẗ
      • naqd
      • safātiǧ
      • safīnaẗ
      • ṯaman
      • taʾrīǧ
      • Unknown subtype B2
      • wuṣūl
    • "What has been done"
      • mā buḏira
      • mā ĭbtāʿa-hu
      • mā ĭstaḫraǧa
      • mā ŭstūfiya
    • “X has done (on behalf of)”
      • ʾaddà ʿan (nafsi-hi)
      • baḏara
      • dafaʿa ʾilà Y/ʿan (nafsi-hi)
      • ḫaraǧa
      • qabaḍa
      • zaraʿa
  • B3. Table (shredded)
    • Varia
      • Unknown subtype B3
  • Z. Others
    • Atypical documents
      • ʾinnamā ăl-ʿaǧab
      • ʾinna sullima
      • ʾišāraẗ X
      • taḏkiraẗ B
      • wuǧida
      • yuwāṣilu bi-ăl-ʾadʿiyaẗ ... ʾammā baʿd
    • Varia
      • Unknown subtype Z